Temporal Variation of NO2 and O3 in Rome (Italy) from Pandora and In Situ Measurements

To assess the best measures for improvement of air quality, it is crucial to investigate in situ and columnar pollution levels. In this study, ground-based measurements nitrogen dioxide (NO2) ozone (O3) collected Rome (Italy) between 2017 2022 are analyzed. Pandora sun-spectrometers provided time series NO2 vertical column density (VC-NO2), tropospheric (TC-NO2), near-surface concentration (SC-NO2), O3 (VC-O3). concentrations by an urban background quality station. The results show a clear reduction over years, thanks recent ecological transition policies, with marked seasonal variability, observable both data. Otherwise, does not inter-annual variations, although cycle detectable. suggest that variation mainly imputable photochemical reactions while, VC-O3, triggered predominant contribution stratospheric O3. outcomes highlight importance co-located environments physical chemical processes driving design tailored climate change adaptation strategies.